| Definition |
Promoting products/services through offline channels like print, TV, radio. |
Promoting products/services through digital channels such as internet, social media, websites. |
| Medium |
Print media, TV, radio, billboards, brochures, business cards. |
Websites, social media, search engines, blogs, YouTube, banner ads, email. |
| Reach |
Limited to local or regional audiences. |
Can reach both local and global audiences. |
| Targeting |
Generalized targeting without much customization. |
Highly targeted based on interests, demographics, and behavior. |
| Interactivity |
One-way communication (static). |
Two-way communication with interactive features (likes, comments, shares). |
| Cost |
More expensive due to printing, TV, and radio ads. |
More cost-effective with flexible budget options. |
| Measurement of Results |
Difficult or impossible to measure accurately. |
Easily measurable using analytics tools. |
| Flexibility |
Less flexible, once printed/published cannot be changed. |
Highly flexible, campaigns can be updated in real time. |
| Speed |
Slower to execute and see results. |
Faster execution with real-time feedback and analytics. |
| Longevity of Material |
Tangible items (flyers, business cards) can be kept and revisited. |
Digital content can be saved/bookmarked but may get outdated or lost in feeds. |
| Customer Feedback |
Limited or delayed. |
Immediate feedback through reviews, comments, messages. |
| Examples |
Newspapers, TV commercials, billboards, posters, referrals. |
Social media posts, search ads, blogs, email marketing, influencer mentions. |
| Personalization |
Minimal personalization. |
High level of personalization using user data. |
| Learning Curve |
Easier for those used to traditional methods. |
Requires technical skills and continuous learning. |
| Brand Development |
Takes longer, may be less consistent. |
Quicker and more consistent with regular content. |
| Exposure & Engagement |
Lower exposure, limited engagement. |
Higher exposure with strong user engagement. |
| Rapport Building |
Built through face-to-face or referral networks. |
Built through consistent online presence and interactions. |
| Disadvantages |
High cost, less measurable, static, limited reach. |
Requires effort to stay updated, may take time to see results. |
