1. Definition
2. Components of Basic Web Development Framework
2.1 Frontend Layer (Client-Side)
2.2 Backend Layer (Server-Side)
2.3 Database Layer (Data Storage)
3. Role of Each Layer
3.1 Role of Frontend
3.2 Role of Backend
3.3 Role of Database
4. Interaction Between Layers
Step 1: User Action
Step 2: Request from Frontend
Step 3: Backend Processing
Step 4: Database Query
Step 5: Backend Response
Step 6: Frontend Update
5. Example of Workflow
6. Advantages of Using Layers
7. Summary Table of Layers
Definition
A web development framework is a structured approach that defines how the frontend, backend, and database layers work together to build and run web applications efficiently.
1. Components of Basic Web Development Framework
1.1 Frontend Layer (Client-Side)
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The frontend is the visible part of a web application that users interact with directly.
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It is responsible for displaying content and collecting user input.
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Common technologies:
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HTML – defines the structure of web pages.
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CSS – provides styling and layout.
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JavaScript – adds interactivity to web pages.
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1.2 Backend Layer (Server-Side)
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The backend is the hidden part of the application that runs on the server.
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It handles business logic, processes requests, and manages communication with the database.
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Common technologies:
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Programming languages like Node.js, Python, Java.
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Frameworks like Express.js, Django, Spring Boot.
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1.3 Database Layer (Data Storage)
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The database layer is responsible for storing, retrieving, and managing data permanently.
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It interacts with the backend to provide or store data as needed.
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Types of databases:
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Relational databases such as MySQL, PostgreSQL.
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NoSQL databases such as MongoDB.
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2. Role of Each Layer
2.1 Role of Frontend
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Displays user interface.
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Collects user input (e.g., forms, buttons).
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Sends requests to the backend.
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Updates the page with data received from backend.
2.2 Role of Backend
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Receives and validates requests from frontend.
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Executes business logic.
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Sends queries to the database.
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Sends response back to frontend.
2.3 Role of Database
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Stores and manages application data.
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Executes queries from backend.
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Sends requested data to backend.
3. Interaction Between Layers
Step 1: User Action
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User performs an action on frontend, like clicking a button or submitting a form.
Step 2: Request from Frontend
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Frontend sends a request to backend, usually via HTTP.
Step 3: Backend Processing
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Backend processes the request and applies business logic.
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If data is needed, backend communicates with the database.
Step 4: Database Query
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Database executes the query sent by backend and returns the result.
Step 5: Backend Response
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Backend processes the result and sends it to frontend.
Step 6: Frontend Update
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Frontend receives the response and updates the interface for the user.
4. Example of Workflow
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A user logs in:
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Frontend collects username and password.
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Sends data to backend for validation.
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Backend queries database to check credentials.
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If valid, backend responds with success.
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Frontend displays user dashboard.
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5. Advantages of Using Layers
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Clear separation of responsibilities.
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Easier to develop and maintain.
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Improves scalability and performance.
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Secure data management.
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Better user experience.
6. Summary Table of Layers
| Layer | Main Function | Examples of Technologies |
|---|---|---|
| Frontend | User interface, input | HTML, CSS, JavaScript |
| Backend | Business logic | Node.js, Python, Express |
| Database | Data storage | MySQL, MongoDB |
